{"id":7502,"date":"2021-12-21T13:20:21","date_gmt":"2021-12-21T13:20:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/?p=7502"},"modified":"2021-12-21T13:20:21","modified_gmt":"2021-12-21T13:20:21","slug":"no-women-journalists-left-in-much-of-afghanistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/2021\/12\/no-women-journalists-left-in-much-of-afghanistan\/","title":{"rendered":"No women journalists left in much of Afghanistan"},"content":{"rendered":"
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MONITORING (SW) – A survey by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and the Afghan Independent Journalists Association (AIJA) shows a radical change in the Afghan media landscape since the Taliban took power. A total of 231 media outlets have had to close and more than 6,400 journalists have lost their jobs since 15 August. Women journalists have been hit hardest, with four out of five no longer working.<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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The Taliban takeover\u2019s impact on Afghanistan\u2019s media has been dramatic, according to the survey by RSF and its local partner, the AIJA. More than four out of every ten media outlets have disappeared and 60% of journalists and media employees are no longer able to work. Women have suffered much more than men: 84% of them have lost their jobs. The figures for the previous situation come from a survey of the media and journalists operating in Afghanistan that was carried out before the Taliban took control of the country.<\/p>\n

Radical change in Afghan media landscape<\/h1>\n

The arrival of the Taliban has radically changed the media landscape. Of the 543 media outlets tallied in Afghanistan at the start of the summer, only 312 were still operating at the end of November. This means that 43% of Afghan media outlets disappeared in the space of three months.<\/p>\n

Just four months ago, most Afghan provinces had at least ten privately-owned media outlets but now some regions have almost no local media at all. There used to be 10 media outlets in the mountainous northern province of Parwan but now just three are functioning. In the western city of Herat (the country\u2019s third largest) and the surrounding province, only 18 of the 51 media outlets are still operating \u2013 a 65% fall. The central Kabul region, which had more media that anywhere else, has not been spared the carnage. It has lost more than one of every two media outlets (51%). Of the 148 tallied prior to 15 August, only 72 are still operating.<\/p>\n

Direct impact on journalists<\/h1>\n

The closure or reduction in the activities of media outlets has had a major impact on employment in the media sector. Of the 10,790 people working in the Afghan media \u00a0(8,290 men and 2,490 women) at the start of August, only 4,360 (3,950 men and 410 women) \u2013 or four out of every ten media workers \u2013 were still working when this survey was carried out. Proportionally, women have been hit much more: more than four out of five (84%) have lost their jobs since the Taliban takeover, as against one out of every two men (52%).<\/p>\n

No women journalists left in much of Afghanistan<\/h1>\n

Six provinces have seen three quarters of their male journalists lose their jobs. But no female journalist at all is still working in 15 of the countries 34 provinces. For example, in the northern province of Jowzjan, which used to have 19 media outlets employing 112 women, none of the 12 media outlets still operating is employing a woman.<\/p>\n

The Taliban controlling many localities impose conditions on the local media that include not employing any women journalists at all. The media landscape is now largely devoid of women journalists, even in regions such as Kabul where traditionally there were more of them.\u00a0Fewer that 100\u00a0women journalists dared to return to work in the weeks after the Taliban arrived in Kabul and told women to stay at home. Others have returned to their media outlets in the past two months. But, of the 1,190 women journalists and media workers counted in the capital at the start of August, only 320 are now working \u2013 a 73% fall.<\/p>\n

In Nangarhar, where\u00a0four women media workers were killed in less than a year, only 17 of the 65 women working in the media in early August are still doing so now (a 74% fall). The difference is even more dramatic in Balkh and Herat provinces, where the number of women journalists and media employees has fallen by 98% in Balkh and 94% in Herat. The relative stability that had prevailed in these two provinces in recent years had encouraged the development of media outlets and their employment of women. But the progress seen in the past 20 years was swept away in a matter of days by the Taliban takeover.<\/p>\n

Pressure from the new authorities<\/h1>\n

The environment for journalists in the capital and the rest of the country has become extremely fraught since the Taliban takeover. Media must now comply with the \u201c11 Journalism Rules\u201d issued by the information and culture ministry and with Taliban interpretation of Islamic doctrine on \u201cEnjoining good and forbidding wrong.\u201d The dangerous \u201cJournalism Rules\u201d open the way to censorship and persecution, and deprive journalists of their independence, forcing them to tell information and culture ministry officials what they would like to cover, get their permission to go ahead and finally inform them about the results of their reporting in order to be able to publish.<\/p>\n

In some provinces, the obligation to replace news and music programmes with programmes whose content is solely religious in nature has also driven some local radio stations to cease broadcasting.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere is an urgent need to rein in the spiral leading inevitably to the disappearance of Afghan media and to ensure that respect for press freedom is a priority,\u201d said Reza Moini, the head of RSF\u2019s Iran-Afghanistan desk. \u201cJournalists\u2019 safety, the fate of women journalists, media legislation and the right of access to news and information are all crucial issues that the authorities must address without delay. Without a free press capable of exposing bad governance\u2019s failings, no one will be able to claim that they are combatting famine, poverty, corruption, drug trafficking and the other scourges that afflict Afghanistan and prevent a lasting peace.\u201d<\/p>\n

Government spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid told RSF that the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan supports \u201cfreedom for the media in the defined framework for preserving the country\u2019s higher interests, with respect for the Sharia and Islam.\u201d He also said that the government wanted to \u201chelp those media that are operating to continue to do so, and help the others to find solutions so that they can resume operating.\u201d<\/p>\n

Asked about the many\u00a0incidents involving Taliban violence against journalists\u00a0in the field (around 40 since 15 August), Mujahid recognised the responsibility of the security forces, whose \u201cbehaviour has not always been correct and professional,\u201d he said. At the same time, he said efforts would be made \u201cto try to train them and control such behaviour.\u201d He added that the government\u2019s goal was to continue meeting with media representatives \u201cin order to jointly find solutions\u201d to the current problems.<\/p>\n

Economic consequences<\/h1>\n

Aside from Taliban harassment, media owners have to cope with new economic constraints. Many media outlets were receiving national and international funding that ended when the Taliban seized control. \u201cThese subsidies, which came above all from countries that had a military presence in Afghanistan and which had an interest in providing them, have now ended,\u201d said Mujahid, the government spokesman.<\/p>\n

The media have also been badly hit by a loss of advertising revenue. In Nangarhar province, which has lost 35% of its media outlets, the owner of a radio station that closed in October said:\u00a0 \u201cThe economic situation is so bad that most businessmen, even if they haven\u2019t had to shut up shop, can no longer afford to spend money on advertising.\u201d<\/p>\n

Recognising the disappearance of many media outlets, Mujahid noted that many media \u201cexecutives and managers had fled the country.\u201d This had contributed to \u201ccollapse\u201d of their media outlets, he said. Hundreds of journalists have left Afghanistan since August for fear of reprisals or because of the impossibility of continuing to practice their profession.<\/p>\n

IAJA executive-director Hojatollah Mujadadi said: \u201cBeyond the numbers, the closure of nearly half of the country’s media and the loss of more than 6,000 jobs are a disaster for press freedom. If international institutions do not help journalists and media in Afghanistan and if the government does not take urgent action, the other half of the media and journalists, who are still working in really difficult conditions, will suffer the same fate.\u201d<\/p>\n

Afghanistan was ranked 122nd out of 180 countries in the\u00a0World Press Freedom Index\u00a0that RSF published last April<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MONITORING (SW) – A survey by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and the Afghan Independent Journalists Association (AIJA) shows a radical change in the Afghan media landscape since the Taliban took power. A total of 231 media outlets have had to close and more than 6,400 journalists have lost their jobs since 15 August. Women journalists have been hit hardest, with four out of five no longer working.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7503,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,7],"tags":[12,13,207,361,705],"class_list":["post-7502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-report","category-headline","tag-afghanistan","tag-taliban","tag-women","tag-journalists","tag-rsf"],"views":523,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7502"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7502\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swn.af\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}